International records / OpenAlex research

Obstacles to regional integration: the human factor challenge to trade facilitation and port reforms in Nigeria

As ECOWAS regional integration arrangement becomes more inevitable, trade facilitation challenges also grow. But how well a country is positioned to take advantage of the gains and bear associated costs varies. It does not seem as though Nigerian ports are well positioned for the country's leadership roles in ECOWAS. Worse, discussions about regional integration largely ignore this and government compensates for inefficient ports with trade distorting policies. This study therefore sets out to evaluate the state of the Nigerian ports. It found that by both international standards and stakehold…