International records / OpenAlex research

The Burden and Socioeconomic Inequality in Catastrophic Out-of-pocket Health Expenditure in Post-Pandemic Nigeria

Abstract Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments are the primary health financing mechanisms in Nigeria. This study—the first national analysis using post-COVID-19 data—examines the incidence and socioeconomic inequalities in catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) among Nigerian households using data from the nationally representative Nigeria General Household Survey 2023/2024. We estimated the proportion of households facing CHE using both household budget share (BS) and capacity-to-pay (CTP) approaches, with thresholds set at 10% and 40%, respectively. We assessed socioeconomic inequality in CHE inciden…