International records / OpenAlex research
Tax Evasion and Fiscal Sustainability: A Panel Assessment Using Informal-Economy Proxies
This study examines the relationship between informal economic activity and fiscal vulnerability, using the size of the informal economy as an empirical proxy for the tax-compliance problem associated with tax evasion. The analysis combines the World Bank Informal Economy Database, the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) 2025 revision, and macroeconomic fiscal data supplied in the authors' existing workbook. The verified estimation sample comprises seven countries: Brazil, Germany, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, the United Kingdom, and the United States, observed annually from 2010 to 202…
