International records / OpenAlex research

Academic Freedom and Emerging Research Universities

Ahmed C. Bawa Academic Freedom and Emerging Research Universities HIGHER EDUCATION HAS REEMERGED AS A KEY INGREDIENT IN THE developm ent strategies of emerging nations and economies, with unprecedented growth in its provision and participation rates. Worldwide there is a deliberate, planned shift toward its massification. Between 1960 and 2004, the number of participants in some form of higher education grew from about 13 million to about 132 million— that is, from 0.4 percent to about 2 percent of the world’s population, a five-fold growth in participation rate (Haddad, 2006). Even in sub-Sah…